Downdraft brick-kiln



(No Model.)

- 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. L. H. REPPELL.

DOWNDRAFT BRICK KILN. No. 510,819. Patented Dec. 12, 1893.

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' I Ki L 0111"! HI Rep en lwimwwm (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

L. H. REPPELL.

' DOWNDRAFT BRICK KILN. No. 510,813. Patented Die. 12, 1893.

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.9? L'ouioJLReppdZ mi- Hill UNITED STATES ATENT FFICE.

LOUIS I-I. REPPELL, OF KANSASOITY, ASSIGNOR TO WILLIAM R. REPPELL, OFST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

VDOWNDRAFT BRICK-VKILN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 510,819, dated December12, 1893.

Application filed January 18. 1893. Serial No. 458,825. (No model.)-

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, LoUIs I-I.REPPELL, of Kansas City, in the county ofJackson and State of Missouri, have invented certain newandusefulImprovements in Downdraft Brick- Kilns, of which the followingis a full, clear,

and exact description, reference being had to my improved kiln. Fig. II,represents a horizontal section of the same.

Referring to the drawings: 1, represents the Walls of the kill, and 2,the roof, which is arched. I

3, represents the braces commonly used in the construction of brickkilns, and 4, represents tie rods extending across the top of the kiln,by which said braces are connected.

5, represents the furnaces, of which there is a series, on each side ofthe kiln proper.

6, represents the interior of the kiln, in which the bricks, 7, areplaced, preparatory to being burned, the body of the brick being laid inthe usual form, with spaces intervening so that the heat may readilypass between the same.

8, represents the middle or central vertical wall or division formed ofthe same material or of the same kind of brick which it is desired toburn, the brick in said wall being laid close to each other without anyintervening space, in order to prevent the heat current from passingbetween the same or crossing the pile of brick from one side to theother side of the kiln.

9, represents supporting bricks built up with green brick, on which aportionof-the brick to be burned rests. 7

10, represents intervening spaces between the brick, 9, thus forminglateral fines or channels for-conducting the heat to the fines runninglengthwise of the kiln. The green brick are laid upon the brick, 9,openly, so as to admit the passage of the heat down into the fines, 10;the brick, 9, forming the fines being set on edge upon the fixed hearth,11, which extends the length of the kiln,at either side of the tinesrunning lengthwise of the ered on top by means of perforated tile, 19,laid upon the cross tiles, 18, thus permitting the discharge of acertain amount of heat atoms directly into the main flnes,'the greaterportion of the heat atoms, however, being drawn down vertically throughthe brick into the fines, 10, passing through the tile, 17, into theauxiliary fines, 14, 15, and thenceontJ through the apertures, 16, intothe main fines, 12, 13, said main fines connecting with the smoke stack.(Not shown.)

By constructing my kiln with the solid hearth, 11, and forming thelateral fine walls, 9, of green brick, which are removed each time thekiln is cleaned out or emptied, the walls of the fines and the coveringbeing burned into merchantable brick, the same as the balance of thebrick within the kiln, I am enabled to readily clean out my kiln,removingsand from the same, which is used in sanding the brick insidethe kiln, without having to remove any false bottom, to be replaced withconsiderable labor and expense, entirely dispensing with a false bottom,except over the tines running lengthwise of the kiln, the fines runninglengthwise being easily cleaned when necessary by removing theperforated tile located over the same; or otherwise.

20, represents the bags or flash walls located to The rear of thefurnaces, 5, against which the flame and heat deflect, the heat passingup through the chamber, 21, between the flash walls and the walls of thekiln. The flash walls are preferably made in arch shape, having the endsof the arches secured by being let into the kiln, as shown at 22. Saidflash walls extend up in the body of the kiln for some distance toprevent the outer rows of brick from being burned too much, anddeflectingthe flame-and heat to the top of the kiln from whence itpasses down ward through the body of the brick, as shown by arrows.Situated to the rear of the flash wall, 20, is a perforated partition,23, the flash wall, 20,extending slightly above the partition, 23. (SeeFig. I.)

24, represents a tile having its lower end resting on the body of thebrick to be burned, as shown at 25, and its upper end resting againstthe partition, 23, as shown at 26, said tiling being inclined outwardlyand upwardly from its support on the brick. The purpose of said inclinedtile is to prevent the cur rent of heat from passing directly downalongside of the perforated partition, 23, and burning the same to toohigh a degree. By resting the lower end of the inclined tile, 24, on thetop of the brick, said tile will descend as the brick are burned, andconsequently shrunk, the outer end of said tile following down theperforated wall, 23, thus always remaining in proper position to performits functions, no matter what amount of shrinkage there may be in theprocess of burning the brick. It will be readily understood that thetile, 24, which has been spoken of singly, is composed of a series oftiles extending the full length of the kiln.

27, represents peep holes located at the end of the kiln, through whichthe operator may look into the chamber, 21, and judge of the amount ofheat passing through the same. The central close wall, 8, may beconstructed of the same material as the balance of the brick, and can betaken out with each kiln of brick, and a new one built with freshmaterial, as the kiln is filled, said wall thus not being in the way inemptying the kiln, and also not making any lost space in the body of thekiln.

I claim as my invention- 1. In a brick kiln, the combination of cen tralflues extending the full length of the kiln; auxiliary adjoiningparallel flues also extending the full length of the kiln, and havingconnection with the main fines; and lateral flues connecting with saidauxiliary fines; substantially as described.

2. In a brick kiln, the combination of a central flue; auxiliaryadjoining parallel flues connecting therewith; and lateral fluesconnecting with the auxiliary flues, the bottom of said lateral fluesbeing on a level with the top of the auxiliary flues; substantially asand for the purpose set forth.

3. In a brick kiln, the combination of a central flue running lengthwiseof the kiln; auxiliary flues runninglength wise of the kiln, andconnected with the central flue; a permanent hearth constructed on alevel with the top of said auxiliary dues; and lateral flues connectedwith said auxiliary fines, and having their sides and top constructed insections and formed of the same material that is placed within the kilnto be burned so that as each kiln is emptied said lateral flues may beremoved; substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4:. In a brick kiln the combination of the furnace walls forming theflues for the furnace, the bricks set in the kiln adjacent to the walls,and deflector tilesresting on the bricks and leaning against the walls,substantially as described.

5. The within-described process of building the bricks within the kiln,to be burned, consisting of laying a portion of the bricks in closerelation to form a dividing wall, laying the balance of the bricksopenly, and finally laying a series of tiles on the bricks and leaningagainst the walls, substantially as described.

LOUIS H. REPPELL.

Vitnesses:

J AS. E. KNIGHT, F. E. MULLETT.

